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| 1854 |
| | British and French troops land at Sebastopol, to besiege the port, and win a limited victory over the Russians at the river Alma | |
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| 1855 |
| | After a siege of nearly a year the Russians abandon Sebastopol, but the Turkish alliance is too exhausted to pursue the conflict | |
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| 1856 |
| | The treaty of Paris ends the Crimean War, limiting Russia's special powers in relation to Turkey | |
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| 1885 |
| | A secret revolutionary group (Union and Progress, later known as the Young Turks) is formed in Salonika in the Ottoman empire | |
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| 1908 |
| | The Young Turks of Salonika organize a successful uprising against the autocracy of the Ottoman sultan | |
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| 1908 |
| | Prince Ferdinand of Bulgaria declares his country's independence from Ottoman rule and calls himself Tsar Ferdinand I | |
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| 1911 |
| | Italy finds a reason to invade Libya, a province of the Turkish empire. | |
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| 1912 |
| | A national uprising against Turkish rule in Albania launches a full-scale Balkan war | |
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| 1912 |
| | Turkey, beset by troubles elsewhere, cedes to Italy her north African province of Libya | |
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| 1912 |
| | An Albanian uprising against the Ottoman empire is so successful that the Albanians are able to capture Skopje in Macedonia | |
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